Amnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsAmnesty IconsCovid IconsCovid IconsCovid IconsCovid IconsCovid IconsCovid Icons
Actuamos por los derechos humanos
en todo el mundo

Afganistán: El gobierno y la comunidad internacional dan la espalda a las defensoras de los derechos humanos

Fawzia Nawabi, investigadora de la Comisión Independiente de Derechos Humanos de Afganistán. © Marcus Perkins for Amnesty International
defensoras de los derechos humanos en Afganistánhacen frente a una creciente violencia

Their Lives On The Line

han sufrido atentados con automóviles bomba, ataques con granadas en sus viviendas, homicidios de familiares y asesinatos selectivos













Ninguna mujer que participa en la vida pública está segura

























resumen del informe.http://Las%20<b>defensoras%20de%20los%20derechos%20humanos%20en%20Afganist%C3%A1n</b>,%20que%20<b>hacen%20frente%20a%20una%20creciente%20violencia</b>%20%E2%80%93que%20incluye%20amenazas,%20agresi%C3%B3n%20sexual%20y%20asesinatos%E2%80%93,%20est%C3%A1n%20siendo%20abandonadas%20por%20su%20propio%20gobierno%20a%20pesar%20de%20los%20considerables%20logros%20que%20han%20obtenido%20con%20su%20lucha,%20afirma%20Amnist%C3%ADa%20Internacional%20en%20un%20nuevo%20informe%20publicado%20hoy.<br%20/><br%20/>El%20informe%20<link%20http://bit.ly/1FAyI7p>Their%20Lives%20On%20The%20Line</link>&nbsp;documenta%20c%C3%B3mo%20paladines%20de%20los%20derechos%20de%20las%20mujeres%20y%20ni%C3%B1as,%20entre%20las%20que%20hay%20profesionales%20de%20la%20medicina%20y%20de%20la%20abogac%C3%ADa,%20polic%C3%ADas%20y%20periodistas%20adem%C3%A1s%20de%20activistas,%20han%20sido%20blanco%20de%20ataques%20no%20s%C3%B3lo%20de%20los%20talibanes%20sino%20tambi%C3%A9n%20de%20se%C3%B1ores%20de%20la%20guerra%20y%20funcionarios%20p%C3%BAblicos.%20Las%20leyes%20que%20deber%C3%ADan%20apoyarlas%20se%20aplican%20de%20forma%20deficiente,%20si%20es%20que%20llegan%20a%20aplicarse,%20mientras%20la%20comunidad%20internacional%20hace%20muy%20poco%20para%20aliviar%20su%20dif%C3%ADcil%20situaci%C3%B3n.<br%20/><br%20/>Las%20defensoras%20de%20los%20derechos<b>%20han%20sufrido%20atentados%20con%20autom%C3%B3viles%20bomba,%20ataques%20con%20granadas%20en%20sus%20viviendas,%20homicidios%20de%20familiares%20y%20asesinatos%20selectivos</b>.%20Muchas%20contin%C3%BAan%20con%20su%20labor%20pese%20a%20haber%20sufrido%20m%C3%BAltiples%20ataques,%20con%20pleno%20conocimiento%20de%20que%20no%20se%20tomar%C3%A1%20ninguna%20medida%20contra%20los%20autores.<br%20/><br%20/>%E2%80%9CDefensoras%20de%20los%20derechos%20humanos%20de%20toda%20condici%C3%B3n%20han%20luchado%20con%20valent%C3%ADa%20para%20obtener%20algunos%20logros%20considerables%20en%20los%20%C3%BAltimos%2014%20a%C3%B1os;%20muchas%20han%20pagado%20incluso%20con%20su%20vida.%20Es%20indignante%20que%20las%20autoridades%20afganas%20las%20abandonen%20a%20su%20suerte,%20cuando%20su%20situaci%C3%B3n%20es%20m%C3%A1s%20peligrosa%20que%20nunca%E2%80%9D,%20ha%20afirmado%20Salil%20Shetty,%20secretario%20general%20de%20Amnist%C3%ADa%20Internacional,%20en%20Kabul%20para%20presentar%20el%20informe.<br%20/><br%20/>%E2%80%9CCuando%20la%20retirada%20de%20tropas%20est%C3%A1%20casi%20concluida,%20son%20demasiados%20en%20la%20comunidad%20internacional%20quienes%20parecen%20felices%20de%20esconder%20a%20Afganist%C3%A1n%20debajo%20de%20la%20alfombra.%20No%20podemos%20abandonar%20sin%20m%C3%A1s%20este%20pa%C3%ADs%20y%20a%20quienes%20se%20juegan%20la%20vida%20por%20los%20derechos%20humanos,%20incluidos%20los%20derechos%20de%20las%20mujeres.%E2%80%9D<br%20/><br%20/>Ha%20tenido%20lugar%20una%20considerable%20inversi%C3%B3n%20internacional%20para%20apoyar%20a%20las%20mujeres%20afganas,%20que%20ha%20incluido%20iniciativas%20para%20fortalecer%20los%20derechos%20de%20las%20mujeres.%20Pero%20una%20parte%20excesiva%20de%20esa%20inversi%C3%B3n%20ha%20sido%20poco%20sistem%C3%A1tica%20y%20ad%20hoc,%20y%20gran%20parte%20del%20dinero%20recibido%20en%20concepto%20de%20ayuda%20se%20est%C3%A1%20agotando.<br%20/><br%20/>Aunque%20los%20talibanes%20son%20responsables%20de%20la%20mayor%C3%ADa%20de%20los%20ataques%20contra%20las%20defensoras,%20funcionarios%20p%C3%BAblicos%20o%20poderosos%20jefes%20locales%20con%20el%20respaldo%20de%20las%20autoridades%20est%C3%A1n%20implicados%20con%20creciente%20frecuencia%20en%20actos%20de%20violencia%20y%20amenazas%20contra%20las%20mujeres.<br%20/><br%20/>Una%20mujer%20lo%20explic%C3%B3%20as%C3%AD:%20%E2%80%9CAhora%20las%20amenazas%20vienen%20de%20todos%20los%20lados:%20es%20dif%C3%ADcil%20identificar%20a%20los%20enemigos.%20Pueden%20ser%20los%20familiares,%20los%20organismos%20de%20seguridad,%20los%20talibanes,%20los%20pol%C3%ADticos.%E2%80%9D<br%20/><br%20/>A%20partir%20de%20entrevistas%20con%20m%C3%A1s%20de%2050%20defensoras%20y%20sus%20familiares%20en%20todo%20el%20pa%C3%ADs,%20Amnist%C3%ADa%20Internacional%20encontr%C3%B3%20una%20constante%20persistente%20de%20ignorar%20o%20no%20tomarse%20en%20serio%20las%20amenazas%20contra%20las%20mujeres.%20Se%20han%20llevado%20a%20cabo%20pocas%20investigaciones,%20mientras%20que%20los%20procesamientos%20y%20las%20sentencias%20condenatorias%20han%20sido%20a%C3%BAn%20m%C3%A1s%20escasos.%20En%20muchos%20casos,%20las%20defensoras%20que%20denunciaron%20violencia%20o%20ataques%20corrieron%20a%C3%BAn%20m%C3%A1s%20riesgo,%20y%20tuvieron%20que%20hacer%20frente%20a%20la%20estigmatizaci%C3%B3n%20o%20a%20amenazas%20por%20el%20mero%20hecho%20de%20alzar%20su%20voz.<br%20/><br%20/><b>Ninguna%20mujer%20que%20participa%20en%20la%20vida%20p%C3%BAblica%20est%C3%A1%20segura</b>:%20hacen%20frente%20a%20amenazas%20y%20violencia%20desde%20activistas%20de%20los%20derechos%20hasta%20pol%C3%ADticas,%20abogadas,%20periodistas%20o%20profesoras.%20Incluso%20est%C3%A1n%20bajo%20amenaza%20las%20mujeres%20que%20forman%20parte%20de%20las%20fuerzas%20policiales,%20donde%20el%20acoso%20sexual%20y%20la%20intimidaci%C3%B3n%20son%20pr%C3%A1cticas%20muy%20extendidas%20y%20casi%20siempre%20quedan%20impunes.<br%20/><br%20/>En%20la%20provincia%20de%20Laghman,%20en%20el%20este%20del%20pa%C3%ADs,%20la%20doctora%20Shah%20Bibi%20es%20la%20directora%20del%20Departamento%20de%20Asuntos%20de%20la%20Mujer%20y%20contin%C3%BAa%20con%20su%20trabajo%20para%20fortalecer%20los%20derechos%20de%20las%20mujeres%20a%20pesar%20de%20que%20m%C3%BAltiples%20amenazas%20de%20muerte%20la%20obligaron%20a%20mudarse%20a%20otra%20provincia.<br%20/><br%20/>%E2%80%9CCada%20d%C3%ADa%20al%20salir%20de%20casa%20pienso%20que%20no%20regresar%C3%A9%20viva,%20y%20mis%20hijos%20tienen%20tanto%20miedo%20como%20yo%20a%20un%20posible%20ataque%20de%20los%20talibanes%20contra%20m%C3%AD.%E2%80%9D<br%20/><br%20/>Las%20dos%20predecesoras%20de%20la%20doctora%20Bibi%20%E2%80%93Najia%20Sediqi%20y%20Hanifa%20Safi%E2%80%93%20perdieron%20la%20vida%20en%20el%20plazo%20de%20seis%20meses%20en%202012,%20a%20manos%20de%20hombres%20armados%20a%20plena%20luz%20del%20d%C3%ADa%20y%20en%20un%20atentado%20con%20autom%C3%B3vil%20bomba,%20respectivamente.%20En%20un%20relato%20familiar,%20miembros%20de%20sus%20familias%20refirieron%20a%20Amnist%C3%ADa%20Internacional%20c%C3%B3mo%20las%20amenazas%20de%20muerte%20habituales%20no%20merecieron%20respuesta%20alguna%20de%20las%20autoridades,%20pese%20a%20las%20reiteradas%20peticiones%20de%20protecci%C3%B3n%20de%20las%20mujeres.%20Nadie%20ha%20rendido%20cuentas%20por%20estas%20muertes.<br%20/><br%20/>Pese%20a%20la%20existencia%20de%20un%20marco%20jur%C3%ADdico%20para%20proteger%20a%20las%20mujeres%20en%20Afganist%C3%A1n%20%E2%80%93gracias%20en%20gran%20parte%20a%20las%20incansables%20acciones%20de%20campa%C3%B1a%20de%20las%20propias%20activistas%20de%20los%20derechos%20de%20las%20mujeres%E2%80%93,%20a%20menudo%20las%20leyes%20se%20aplican%20de%20manera%20deficiente%20y%20siguen%20siendo%20meras%20promesas%20sobre%20el%20papel.<br%20/><br%20/>La%20hist%C3%B3rica%20Ley%20para%20la%20Eliminaci%C3%B3n%20de%20la%20Violencia%20contra%20las%20Mujeres,%20aprobada%20en%202009,%20se%20sigue%20aplicando%20de%20manera%20desigual%20y%20s%C3%B3lo%20ha%20dado%20lugar%20a%20un%20n%C3%BAmero%20limitado%20de%20sentencias%20condenatorias.%20La%20investigaci%C3%B3n%20de%20Amnist%C3%ADa%20Internacional%20revel%C3%B3%20que%20la%20falta%20de%20voluntad%20pol%C3%ADtica%20por%20parte%20de%20las%20autoridades%20afganas%20impide%20que%20los%20organismos%20gubernamentales%20y%20los%20funcionarios%20encargados%20de%20proteger%20a%20las%20mujeres%20dispongan%20de%20los%20recursos%20necesarios%20y%20de%20apoyo%20para%20llevar%20a%20cabo%20su%20trabajo.<br%20/><br%20/>A%20esto%20hay%20que%20sumar%20la%20aceptaci%C3%B3n%20general%20de%20la%20violencia%20contra%20las%20mujeres%20y%20ni%C3%B1as%20como%20una%20parte%20%E2%80%9Cnormal%E2%80%9D%20de%20la%20vida%20y%20las%20limitaciones%20impuestas%20a%20su%20capacidad%20para%20participar%20libremente%20en%20la%20vida%20p%C3%BAblica.<br%20/><br%20/>Amnist%C3%ADa%20Internacional%20hace%20varias%20peticiones%20en%20el%20informe.%20La%20protecci%C3%B3n,%20especialmente%20para%20quienes%20viven%20en%20zonas%20rurales,%20es%20esencial;%20no%20debe%20haber%20discriminaci%C3%B3n%20en%20el%20nivel%20de%20protecci%C3%B3n;%20deben%20llevarse%20a%20cabo%20enjuiciamientos,%20aplicando%20la%20legislaci%C3%B3n%20adecuada.%20Es%20preciso%20abordar%20la%20cultura%20de%20hostigamiento%20en%20las%20instituciones%20p%C3%BAblicas,%20y%20las%20autoridades%20deben%20actuar%20contra%20las%20actitudes%20que%20dan%20lugar%20a%20abusos.<br%20/><br%20/>%E2%80%9CEl%20gobierno%20afgano%20est%C3%A1%20mirando%20hacia%20otro%20lado%20ante%20la%20amenaza%20absolutamente%20real%20a%20la%20que%20se%20enfrentan%20las%20defensoras%20derechos%20humanos.%20Estas%20personas%20valientes%20%E2%80%93muchas%20de%20las%20cuales%20se%20limitan%20a%20hacer%20su%20trabajo%E2%80%93%20son%20el%20baluarte%20contra%20la%20opresi%C3%B3n%20y%20la%20violencia%20que%20forma%20parte%20de%20la%20vida%20diaria%20para%20millones%20de%20mujeres%20en%20todo%20el%20pa%C3%ADs.%20El%20gobierno%20debe%20garantizar%20su%20protecci%C3%B3n,%20no%20ignorarlas%E2%80%9D,%20ha%20afirmado%20Horia%20Mosadiq,%20investigadora%20de%20Amnist%C3%ADa%20Internacional%20sobre%20Afganist%C3%A1n.<br%20/><br%20/>Aunque%20los%20gobiernos%20internacionales%20han%20invertido%20cientos%20de%20millones%20de%20d%C3%B3lares%20en%20proyectos%20de%20apoyo%20a%20los%20derechos%20de%20las%20mujeres%20desde%202001,%20el%20enfoque%20no%20ha%20sido%20suficiente.%20Los%20proyectos%20se%20han%20centrado%20con%20excesiva%20frecuencia%20en%20beneficios%20a%20corto%20plazo,%20y%20se%20han%20puesto%20en%20pr%C3%A1ctica%20sin%20consultar%20a%20las%20propias%20activistas%20de%20los%20derechos%20de%20las%20mujeres.<br%20/><br%20/>Cuando%20la%20retirada%20de%20las%20tropas%20internacionales%20est%C3%A1%20cerca%20de%20su%20conclusi%C3%B3n,%20incluso%20estas%20fr%C3%A1giles%20conquistas%20est%C3%A1n%20amenazadas.<br%20/><br%20/>Los%20pa%C3%ADses%20de%20la%20Uni%C3%B3n%20Europea%20Plus%20(la%20UE%20y%20otras%20misiones%20diplom%C3%A1ticas)%20han%20lanzado%20recientemente%20un%20programa%20que,%20cuando%20est%C3%A9%20operativo,%20ofrecer%C3%A1%20protecci%C3%B3n%20de%20emergencia%20y%20vigilancia%20permanente%20a%20las%20defensoras%20de%20los%20derechos%20humanos.%20Sin%20embargo,%20la%20estrategia%20no%20ha%20sido%20sometida%20a%20prueba%20todav%C3%ADa,%20y%20sigue%20estando%20por%20verse%20hasta%20qu%C3%A9%20punto%20se%20aplicar%C3%A1%20con%20%C3%A9xito.<br%20/><br%20/>%E2%80%9CAfganist%C3%A1n%20se%20enfrenta%20a%20un%20futuro%20incierto,%20y%20se%20encuentra%20posiblemente%20en%20el%20momento%20m%C3%A1s%20cr%C3%ADtico%20de%20su%20historia%20reciente.%20Ahora%20no%20es%20el%20momento%20de%20que%20los%20gobiernos%20internacionales%20se%20desentiendan%E2%80%9D,%20ha%20afirmado%20Salil%20Shetty.<br%20/><br%20/>%E2%80%9CLa%20comunidad%20internacional%20debe%20intensificar%20un%20compromiso%20continuado%20y%20el%20gobierno%20afgano%20no%20puede%20seguir%20ignorando%20sus%20obligaciones%20en%20materia%20de%20derechos%20humanos.%E2%80%9D%0A%0A%0AAqu%C3%AD%20puede%20encontrar%20un%20<link%20http://bit.ly/1CTO2uS>resumen%20del%20informe.</link><link%20http://bit.ly/1CTO2uS%20-%20moz-txt-link-freetext></link>%0A%0A%0A

Contigo somos independientes

Amnistía Internacional lo forman personas que defienden una humanidad justa y libre alrededor del mundo. Personas como tú, que creen en nuestro trabajo. Por eso, si tú también defiendes los derechos humanos, te necesitamos para seguir siendo independientes. Puedes hacerlo desde aquí en menos de un minuto, con cuotas a partir de 4 € al mes.

Nos mantenemos firmes con nuestros principios: no aceptamos ni una sola subvención de ningún gobierno, ni donaciones de partidos políticos.

Haz posible nuestra independencia.